Termed as Scintillation

From past several centuries’ educators who are actively interested and keen to known the truth and hidden knowledge of nature and sky upon us have observed sparkling light like crystals spreaded across the sky in the backdrop. Twinkling give beautiful effect on the vast open skies. The astronomers were very much inspired from this strange phenomenon. This phenomena is termed as Scintillation. The technical term for the twinkling of stars, is defined as the rapid and irregular variation of intensity of celestial objects.

Scintillation is although appears beautiful in the sky lines but it has negative impact on astronomy. Relatively small fractions of S to the order of 0.04 to the incident energy E is converted into N fluorescence photons of mean energy Ep, which provide the scintillation. In technical terms the fluctuation in amplitude and phase caused are termed and classified as scintillation. Thereby it is stated that Scintillation refers to the rapid fluctuation in signal amplitude and phase often observed in satellite links. These fluctuations are caused by random spatial and temporal changes of the atmosphere’s radio refractive index within  the link’s first Fresnel ellipsoid.

Scintillation statistics are necessary for experiment planning and in design of signal processing procedures. Phase scintillation paused by propagation through solar wind, ionosphere and troposphere irregularities is a noise process for many space craft radio science experiments. For measuring this phenomena new dimensional radio antenna array are been introduced not only in northern hemisphere of UK but also in USA the measurements are been actively updated. Hopefully we would be expecting in future new research dimensional knowledge  from researchers and scientist who are exploring this natural activity passionately.